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+defmodule Aggiedit.Accounts.UserToken do
+ use Ecto.Schema
+ import Ecto.Query
+
+ @hash_algorithm :sha256
+ @rand_size 32
+
+ # It is very important to keep the reset password token expiry short,
+ # since someone with access to the email may take over the account.
+ @reset_password_validity_in_days 1
+ @confirm_validity_in_days 7
+ @change_email_validity_in_days 7
+ @session_validity_in_days 60
+
+ schema "users_tokens" do
+ field :token, :binary
+ field :context, :string
+ field :sent_to, :string
+ belongs_to :user, Aggiedit.Accounts.User
+
+ timestamps(updated_at: false)
+ end
+
+ @doc """
+ Generates a token that will be stored in a signed place,
+ such as session or cookie. As they are signed, those
+ tokens do not need to be hashed.
+
+ The reason why we store session tokens in the database, even
+ though Phoenix already provides a session cookie, is because
+ Phoenix' default session cookies are not persisted, they are
+ simply signed and potentially encrypted. This means they are
+ valid indefinitely, unless you change the signing/encryption
+ salt.
+
+ Therefore, storing them allows individual user
+ sessions to be expired. The token system can also be extended
+ to store additional data, such as the device used for logging in.
+ You could then use this information to display all valid sessions
+ and devices in the UI and allow users to explicitly expire any
+ session they deem invalid.
+ """
+ def build_session_token(user) do
+ token = :crypto.strong_rand_bytes(@rand_size)
+ {token, %Aggiedit.Accounts.UserToken{token: token, context: "session", user_id: user.id}}
+ end
+
+ @doc """
+ Checks if the token is valid and returns its underlying lookup query.
+
+ The query returns the user found by the token, if any.
+
+ The token is valid if it matches the value in the database and it has
+ not expired (after @session_validity_in_days).
+ """
+ def verify_session_token_query(token) do
+ query =
+ from token in token_and_context_query(token, "session"),
+ join: user in assoc(token, :user),
+ where: token.inserted_at > ago(@session_validity_in_days, "day"),
+ select: user
+
+ {:ok, query}
+ end
+
+ @doc """
+ Builds a token and its hash to be delivered to the user's email.
+
+ The non-hashed token is sent to the user email while the
+ hashed part is stored in the database. The original token cannot be reconstructed,
+ which means anyone with read-only access to the database cannot directly use
+ the token in the application to gain access. Furthermore, if the user changes
+ their email in the system, the tokens sent to the previous email are no longer
+ valid.
+
+ Users can easily adapt the existing code to provide other types of delivery methods,
+ for example, by phone numbers.
+ """
+ def build_email_token(user, context) do
+ build_hashed_token(user, context, user.email)
+ end
+
+ defp build_hashed_token(user, context, sent_to) do
+ token = :crypto.strong_rand_bytes(@rand_size)
+ hashed_token = :crypto.hash(@hash_algorithm, token)
+
+ {Base.url_encode64(token, padding: false),
+ %Aggiedit.Accounts.UserToken{
+ token: hashed_token,
+ context: context,
+ sent_to: sent_to,
+ user_id: user.id
+ }}
+ end
+
+ @doc """
+ Checks if the token is valid and returns its underlying lookup query.
+
+ The query returns the user found by the token, if any.
+
+ The given token is valid if it matches its hashed counterpart in the
+ database and the user email has not changed. This function also checks
+ if the token is being used within a certain period, depending on the
+ context. The default contexts supported by this function are either
+ "confirm", for account confirmation emails, and "reset_password",
+ for resetting the password. For verifying requests to change the email,
+ see `verify_change_email_token_query/2`.
+ """
+ def verify_email_token_query(token, context) do
+ case Base.url_decode64(token, padding: false) do
+ {:ok, decoded_token} ->
+ hashed_token = :crypto.hash(@hash_algorithm, decoded_token)
+ days = days_for_context(context)
+
+ query =
+ from token in token_and_context_query(hashed_token, context),
+ join: user in assoc(token, :user),
+ where: token.inserted_at > ago(^days, "day") and token.sent_to == user.email,
+ select: user
+
+ {:ok, query}
+
+ :error ->
+ :error
+ end
+ end
+
+ defp days_for_context("confirm"), do: @confirm_validity_in_days
+ defp days_for_context("reset_password"), do: @reset_password_validity_in_days
+
+ @doc """
+ Checks if the token is valid and returns its underlying lookup query.
+
+ The query returns the user found by the token, if any.
+
+ This is used to validate requests to change the user
+ email. It is different from `verify_email_token_query/2` precisely because
+ `verify_email_token_query/2` validates the email has not changed, which is
+ the starting point by this function.
+
+ The given token is valid if it matches its hashed counterpart in the
+ database and if it has not expired (after @change_email_validity_in_days).
+ The context must always start with "change:".
+ """
+ def verify_change_email_token_query(token, "change:" <> _ = context) do
+ case Base.url_decode64(token, padding: false) do
+ {:ok, decoded_token} ->
+ hashed_token = :crypto.hash(@hash_algorithm, decoded_token)
+
+ query =
+ from token in token_and_context_query(hashed_token, context),
+ where: token.inserted_at > ago(@change_email_validity_in_days, "day")
+
+ {:ok, query}
+
+ :error ->
+ :error
+ end
+ end
+
+ @doc """
+ Returns the token struct for the given token value and context.
+ """
+ def token_and_context_query(token, context) do
+ from Aggiedit.Accounts.UserToken, where: [token: ^token, context: ^context]
+ end
+
+ @doc """
+ Gets all tokens for the given user for the given contexts.
+ """
+ def user_and_contexts_query(user, :all) do
+ from t in Aggiedit.Accounts.UserToken, where: t.user_id == ^user.id
+ end
+
+ def user_and_contexts_query(user, [_ | _] = contexts) do
+ from t in Aggiedit.Accounts.UserToken, where: t.user_id == ^user.id and t.context in ^contexts
+ end
+end